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Objective:To explore the prenatal ultrasound manifestations of fetal congenital right aortic arch and its diagnostic significance.Methods:The characteristics of prenatal ultrasound images (focusing on the three vessel trachea section) and clinical data of 128 cases of fetal congenital right aortic arch diagnosed in Dalian Women and Children′s Medical Center(Group) from January 2014 to January 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Among 128 cases of fetal congenital right aortic arch, 111 cases were right aortic arch and leftductus arteriosus with aberrant left subclavian artery (RAA-LDA-ALSA), 1 case was diagnosed as left aortic arch atresia of double aortic arch by operation after birth; 9 cases were right aortic arch and right ductus arteriosus (RAA-RDA); 6 cases were mirror-image right active aortic arch and left ductus arteriosus connected to descending aorta (RAA-BAMB-LDA-DAO); 2 cases were mirror-image right aortic arch and left ductus arteriosus connected to the left innominate artery (RAA-BAMB-LDA-LINA). The three vessels and trachea view (3VT) had characteristic sonographic features.If necessary, coronary section of the upper thoracic aorta and / or stic were added - HD live flow technology assisted the diagnosis of 3vt section.Conclusions:Three vessel trachea view is a sensitive and effective view for prenatal detection and diagnosis of congenital right aortic arch. Upper thoracic aorta coronal section and combined stic - HD live flow technology can make up for its shortcomings. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of right aortic arch hasguiding significance for prenatal prognosis consultation.
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Objective@#To investigate the sonographic findings of fetal congenital absence of the ductus venosus (ADV) and its effect on the prognosis of fetus.@*Methods@#The ultrasonographic features of 11cases of fetal ADV deficiency diagnosed from December 2013 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and the fetal prognosis was followed up.@*Results@#Of the 11 cases, umbilical vein flew directly back to the right atrium in 7 cases; umbilical vein connected with the inferior vena cava in 1 case; umbilical vein directly flowed into the iliac vein in 1 case; umbilical vein and portal vein connection in the other 2 cases. Of the 11 cases, 4 cases were solitary and had no abnormality after birth; 5 cases were complicated with abnormal structure of intracardiac and extracardiac system; 2 cases were only followed with abnormal extracardiac system. Of the 5 complicated cases, 1 case was double chorionic twin amniotic membrane pregnancy (the second fetuse had no obvious abnormality) and died after birth; the other 4 cases were terminated before 28 weeks of gestation. Of the 2 complicated cases, 1 case was followed with severe digestive tract abnormalities and died after birth, and the other one was followed with single umbilical artery and hydramnion.@*Conclusions@#Color Doppler ultrasonography is an important means for prenatal screening of fetal ADV.The prognosis of patients with solitary ADV without fetal cardiac dysfunction is good.The prognosis is poor to patients with severe intracardiac and extracardiac abnormality. There is a correlation between the ADV and fetal chromosomal abnormalities. If pregnancy is necessary, fetal chromosome examination should be recommended first and cardiac function should be followed up closely by ultrasound.
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Objective We investigated the expression profile of cancer related genes in hMSCs co-cultured with U251 glioma cells, to evaluate the risk of malignant transformation of hMSCs in glioma environment. Methods hMSCs were co-cultured with U251 glioma cells for 5 days and the expression profile of cancer-related genes were investigated by using microarray assay, followed by Real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Of the 440 cancer-re?lated genes covered by Oligo GEArray Human Cancer Microarray OHS-802, SPINT2, TK1, STC1, MMP1, CCND1, SORT1, SEPT6, CDC20, SHB, CDK5, RELA, XRCC4, KIT, CTPS, CAPNS1 and ETV6 were significantly upregulated (>3-fold) whereas none was downregulated in hMSCs co-cultured with U251 glioma cells. The upregulation of oncogenes KIT, CAPNS1, TK1, MMP1, CCND1, CDC20, RELA and STC1 in co-cultured hMSCs were confirmed by Real-time quan? titative RT-PCR. The upregulation of protein expression of oncogenes KIT, MMP1, CCND1 and RELA were detected by Western blot. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that co-culture of hMSCs with human glioma cells leads to up?regulation of some important oncogenes in hMSCs, indicating the tumorigenic potential of hMSCs in glioma environment.
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Objective To analyze the vascular architecture characteristics of the complex direct cavernous arteriovenous fistula (cd-CAVF) and to discuss its treatment and the curative effect of interventional embolization. Methods The hospitalization records, imaging features and operation records of 12 patients with cd-CAVF were retrospectively analyzed. Results In the 12 patients with cd-CAVF, the lesion’s blood supply arteries included internal carotid artery (ICA,n=8), primary trigeminal artery (PTA,n=1), middle cerebral artery (MMA,n=2) and basilar artery (BA,n=1). Different degrees of “arterial steal” phenomenon could be observed in all patients. The drainage routes included the superior ophthalmic vein and the inferior petrosal sinus (n=10), and cortical vein (n=2). Interventional embolization was carried out via ICA (n=4), through both ICA and BA (n=5), through MMA (n=2), or through BA (n=1). For the embolization of the lesion the balloons were used in 8 patients, steel coils were adopted in 2 patients, and balloons together with coils were employed in 2 patients. All the patients were followed up for 3-6 months. After the treatment the clinical symptoms and signs disappeared, and the lesions were completely cured in all patients with no complications. During the follow-up period of (60.2 ±26.8) months no recurrence of CAVF was observed. Conclusion The blood supply of cd-CAVF comes directly from the rupture of the blood vessels surrounding the cavernous sinus wall, the “arterial steal” phenomenon is prone to occur, and the drainage via the superior ophthalmic vein and the inferior petrosal sinus is more often seen. Transarterial balloon embolization is very effective for the treatment of cd-CAVF, and the use of coils together with multi-artery approaches is an effective supplementary method.
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BACKGROUND: There are numerous inducers used in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) differentiate into neuron-like cells, however, due to poisonous, most chemical inducers can not be used in human.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ligustrazine on differentiation of rat BMMSCs into neuron-like cells in vitro, and to search for the optimal inductive concentration.METHODS: After SD rats were anesthetized, bone marrow was obtained from the femoral and tibial bones, centrifuged, and the supernatant was discarded. The extracted cells were cultured in L-DMEM supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum. The expression of CD44 and CD45 of the 5~(th) passage of BMMSCs were identified by immunocytochemical technique. Serum-free L-DMEM medium contains 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 g/L ligustrazine concentrations were used to induce the 5~(th) passage of BMMSCs in vitro. Morphology changes of BMMSCs were observed under an inverted phase microscope. Expression of nestin, neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein were identified by immunocytochemical technique, and the expression ratio of neuron-like cells' surface antigens induced by different concentrations of ligustrazine were compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ①Most primarily cultured BMMSCs adhered to the wall at 3 days after culture, which proliferated faster after passaged, and the 5~(th) passage of cells were mostly purified into BMMSCs, spread radially or vortex-likely. ②The 5~(th) passage of BMMSCs was positive expressed (98.02±0.81)% CD44, but negative for CD45. ③Neuron-like cells with prominence and bifurcation could be seen after induction. The immunocytochemical method showed that nestin and neuron-specific enolase in most induced cells were positive expressed, especially received a highest ration of neuron-specific enolase expressing in the induced group with 1.25 g/L concentration of ligustrazine. It revealed that ligustrazine can induce BMMSCs differentiated into neuron-like cells, and 1.25 g/L is the optimal inductive concentration.